@Article{OsanyinCBMHOCS:2023:PeLoAd,
               author = "Osanyin, Taiwo Olusayo and Candido, Cl{\'a}udia M. N. and Becker 
                         Guedes, F{\'a}bio and Migoya-Orue, Y. and Habarulema, J. Bosco 
                         and Obafaye, A. A. and Chingarandi, Frank Simbarashe and Santos, 
                         Stella Pires de Moraes",
          affiliation = "{Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and 
                         {Universidade do Vale do Para{\'{\i}}ba (UNIVAP)} and {Instituto 
                         Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {The Abdus Salam 
                         International Centre for Theoretical Physics} and {South African 
                         National Space Agency (SANSA)} and {Kogi State University} and 
                         {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto 
                         Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)}",
                title = "Performance of a locally adapted NeQuick-2 model during high solar 
                         activity over the Brazilian equatorial and low-latitude region",
              journal = "Advances in Space Research",
                 year = "2023",
               volume = "72",
               number = "12",
                pages = "5520--5538",
                month = "Dec.",
             keywords = "Data ingestion, Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), 
                         Ionosonde, Low-latitude ionosphere, NeQuick 2 model.",
             abstract = "The Brazilian equatorial and low-latitude regions are subject to 
                         various dynamic and electrodynamics processes. As a result, 
                         ionospheric modeling over this region remains a challenge. In this 
                         article, we present the results of first observation of data 
                         ingestion into the climatological model, NeQuick during both quiet 
                         and disturbed conditions over Brazil. The variation of the daily 
                         F10.7 solar radio flux, the main driver of the NeQuick model, 
                         strongly influences its performance in both space and time, 
                         especially during high solar activity. With data ingestion, using 
                         the local level of ionization, NeQuick's performance can be 
                         improved. We developed an algorithm to obtain the local effective 
                         ionization parameters (Az1 and Az2) using a single station, in the 
                         equatorial trough and low-latitude regions, which are subsequently 
                         used in the NeQuick to reproduce vTEC at co-located stations. The 
                         model's input (effective ionization level) was obtained when the 
                         modeled vTEC best fits the measured vTEC at the reference stations 
                         Maraba (5.35° S, 49.11° S, dip lat.: 3.06° S; MABA) and Ourinhos 
                         (22.93° S, 49.88° S, dip lat.: 17.42° S; OURI). Statistical 
                         results show that the model's performance greatly improves after 
                         data ingestion, reproducing vTEC at all latitudes close to the 
                         reference stations in 2014. We found that NeQuick improved by 71 
                         %, 74 %, 83 %, and 69 % after ingestion during the storm periods 
                         of 1721 February, 1014 April, 610 June, and 2327, December in the 
                         low-latitude region at SJSP. Using the Az1 values obtained at MABA 
                         and Az3 at SALU during July 2014, NeQuick reproduces the critical 
                         frequency of the F2 layer with a percentage improvement of 
                         approximately 20 % and 37 % respectively.",
                  doi = "10.1016/j.asr.2023.07.018",
                  url = "http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.asr.2023.07.018",
                 issn = "0273-1177 and 1879-1948",
             language = "en",
           targetfile = "Osanyin_performance.pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "11 maio 2024"
}