@Article{CevalhoAnCeOlJiSoKa:2024:FrEvEx,
               author = "Cevalho, Wallace and Andreoli, Rita Val{\'e}ria and Cer{\'o}n, 
                         Wilmar L. and Oliveira, Maria Bet{\^a}nia Leal de and Jimenez, 
                         Leonardo Cesar M. and Souza, Rodrigo Augusto Ferreira de and 
                         Kayano, Mary Toshie",
          affiliation = "{Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amaz{\^o}nia (INPA)} and 
                         {Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (UEA)} and {Universidad del 
                         Valle} and {Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (UEA)} and 
                         {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amaz{\^o}nia (INPA)} and 
                         {Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (UEA)} and {Instituto Nacional 
                         de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)}",
                title = "Frequ{\^e}ncia de eventos extremos di{\'a}rios de 
                         precipita{\c{c}}{\~a}o em Manaus – AM e suas 
                         rela{\c{c}}{\~o}es com o El Niño-Oscila{\c{c}}{\~a}o Sul",
              journal = "Revista Brasileira de Geografia F{\'{\i}}sica",
                 year = "2024",
               volume = "17",
               number = "1",
                pages = "84--99",
                month = "Jan.",
             keywords = "El Niño-Southern Oscillation, Extreme precipitation event, Trend, 
                         Evento extremo de precipita{\c{c}}{\~a}o, El 
                         Niño-Oscila{\c{c}}{\~a}o Sul, Tend{\^e}ncia.",
             abstract = "This research aimed to analyze the daily extreme precipitation 
                         events (EEDP) that occurred in Manaus, AM, and their relationship 
                         with El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENOS) events. Daily accumulated 
                         precipitation data for the 19792019 period were used. The 
                         calculation of quantiles was applied to the data and the EEDP were 
                         defined based on the 90% percentile of the seasonally separated 
                         daily precipitation series. Inter-annual variations and long-term 
                         trends in EEDP occurrence were also evaluated. The Mann-Kendall 
                         test and Sen's Method were used to assess the trend of EEDPs. We 
                         also calculated linear correlations with oceanic and atmospheric 
                         patterns from monthly global tropical Sea Surface Temperature 
                         (SST) anomalies and the vertically integrated moisture flux and 
                         its divergence. The frequency and intensity of EEDP showed similar 
                         behavior to that of total seasonal rainfall, with marked 
                         interannual variability. The highest occurrences and frequency of 
                         EEDPs occurred in March-May. The intensity of EEDPs did not show 
                         much difference between ENOS phases when comparing the 
                         interquartile range. When looking at the median, La Niña (LN) 
                         years modulate the intensity of EEDPs during their developmental, 
                         mature, and final phases. The trend of increasing EEDP occurred in 
                         the DecemberFebruary quarter. It was observed that the North 
                         Tropical Atlantic is one of the main sources of moisture transport 
                         to the region. This study showed that seasonal rainfall 
                         variability and extreme events are associated with global SST 
                         conditions. RESUMO: Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo analisaros 
                         eventos extremos di{\'a}rios de precipita{\c{c}}{\~a}o (EEDP) 
                         ocorridos em Manaus, AM, e sua rela{\c{c}}{\~a}o com eventos 
                         deEl Niño-Oscila{\c{c}}{\~a}o Sul (ENOS). Foram utilizados dados 
                         di{\'a}rios de precipita{\c{c}}{\~a}o para oper{\'{\i}}odo de 
                         19792019. O c{\'a}lculo dos quantis foiempregado aos dadose os 
                         EEDP foram definidos com base no percentil de 90% das s{\'e}ries 
                         di{\'a}rias de precipita{\c{c}}{\~a}o separadas sazonalmente. 
                         Varia{\c{c}}{\~o}es interanuais e tend{\^e}ncias de longo prazo 
                         na ocorr{\^e}ncia de EEDP tamb{\'e}m foram avaliadas. O teste de 
                         Mann-Kendall e o M{\'e}todo de Sen foram utilizados para avaliara 
                         tend{\^e}ncia dos EEDP. Foram calculadas as 
                         correla{\c{c}}{\~o}es lineares com os padr{\~o}es 
                         oce{\^a}nicos e atmosf{\'e}ricos a partir das anomalias mensais 
                         de Temperatura da Superf{\'{\i}}cie do Mar(TSM)tropical global e 
                         do fluxo de umidadeintegrado verticalmente e de sua 
                         diverg{\^e}ncia.Afrequ{\^e}ncia e intensidade dos EEDP 
                         apresentaram comportamento similar aoda 
                         precipita{\c{c}}{\~a}ototal sazonal, com acentuada variabilidade 
                         interanual. Maiores ocorr{\^e}ncias e frequ{\^e}ncia de EEDP 
                         ocorreramem Mar{\c{c}}oMaio. A intensidade dos EEDP n{\~a}o 
                         mostrou grande diferen{\c{c}}a entre as fases do ENOS quando se 
                         compara o intervalo inter-quartil. Quando observamos a mediana, os 
                         anos de La Niña (LN)modulama intensidade dos EEDP durante 
                         suasfasesde desenvolvimento, madura e final. Tend{\^e}ncia de 
                         aumento de EEDP ocorreuno trimestre de DezembroFevereiro. Foi 
                         observado que o Atl{\^a}ntico Tropical Norte {\'e} uma das 
                         principais fontes no transporte de umidade para a regi{\~a}o. 
                         Este estudo mostrou que a variabilidade da 
                         precipita{\c{c}}{\~a}osazonal e eventos extremos est{\~a}o 
                         associadas {\`a}s condi{\c{c}}{\~o}es globais de TSM.",
                  doi = "10.26848/rbgf.v17.1.p84-99",
                  url = "http://dx.doi.org/10.26848/rbgf.v17.1.p84-99",
                 issn = "1984-2295",
             language = "pt",
           targetfile = "258563_LeituraProva.pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "09 maio 2024"
}