@Article{CabralYaGrEsAlFe:2024:DaFuIn,
               author = "Cabral, Beatriz Figueiredo and Yanai, Aurora Miho and 
                         Gra{\c{c}}a, Paulo Maur{\'{\i}}cio Lima de Alencastro and 
                         Escada, Maria Isabel Sobral and Almeida, Cl{\'a}udia Maria de and 
                         Fearnside, Philip Martin",
          affiliation = "{Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amaz{\^o}nia (INPA)} and 
                         {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amaz{\^o}nia (INPA)} and 
                         {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amaz{\^o}nia (INPA)} and 
                         {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto 
                         Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto Nacional de 
                         Pesquisas da Amaz{\^o}nia (INPA)}",
                title = "Amazon deforestation: A dangerous future indicated by patterns and 
                         trajectories in a hotspot of forest destruction in Brazil",
              journal = "Journal of Environmental Management",
                 year = "2024",
               volume = "354",
                pages = "e120354",
                month = "Mar.",
             keywords = "Amazon frontier, Cattle ranching, Deforestation actors, Land 
                         grabbing, Occupation typologies.",
             abstract = "In recent years, the loss of forest in the Brazilian Amazon has 
                         taken on alarming proportions, with 2021 recording the largest 
                         increase in 13 years, particularly in the Abun{\~a}-Madeira 
                         Sustainable Development Reserve (SDR). This has significant 
                         environmental, social, and economic repercussions globally and for 
                         the local communities reliant on the forest. Analyzing 
                         deforestation patterns and trends aids in comprehending the 
                         dynamics of occupation and deforestation within a critical Amazon 
                         region, enabling the inference of potential occupation pathways. 
                         This understanding is crucial for identifying deforestation 
                         expansion zones and shaping public policies to curb deforestation. 
                         Decisions by the Brazilian government regarding landscape 
                         management will have profound environmental implications. We 
                         conducted an analysis of deforestation patterns and trends up to 
                         2021 in the municipality (county) of L{\'a}brea, located in the 
                         southern portion of Amazonas state. Deforestation processes in 
                         this area are likely to spread to the adjacent Trans-Purus region 
                         in western Amazonas, where Amazonia's largest block of remaining 
                         rainforest is at risk from planned highways. Annual deforestation 
                         polygons from 2008 to 2021 were categorized based on occupation 
                         typologies linked to various actors and processes defined for the 
                         region (e.g., diffuse, linear, fishbone, geometric, 
                         multidirectional, and consolidated). These patterns were 
                         represented through 10 × 10 km grid cells. The findings revealed 
                         that L{\'a}brea's territory is predominantly characterized by the 
                         diffuse pattern (initial occupation stage), mainly concentrated in 
                         protected areas. Advanced occupation patterns (multidirectional 
                         and consolidated) were the primary contributors to deforestation 
                         during this period. Observed change trajectories included 
                         consolidation (30.8%) and expansion (19.6%) in the southern 
                         portion of the municipality, particularly along the Boi and 
                         Jequitib{\'a} secondary roads, providing access to large illegal 
                         landholdings. Additionally, non-change trajectories (67%) featured 
                         initial occupation patterns near rivers and in protected areas, 
                         likely linked to riverine and extractive communities. Tailoring 
                         measures to control deforestation based on actor types and 
                         considering stages of occupation is crucial. The techniques 
                         developed in this study provide a comprehensive approach for 
                         Amazonia and other tropical regions.",
                  doi = "10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120354",
                  url = "http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120354",
                 issn = "0301-4797",
             language = "en",
           targetfile = "1-s2.0-S0301479724003402-main.pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "21 maio 2024"
}