@InProceedings{MeirelesNacc:2014:EfBrLa,
               author = "Meireles, Victor Pezzini and Naccarato, Kleber Pinheiro",
          affiliation = "{} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)}",
                title = "Effects of Brazilian Large Urban Areas Over Lightning. A Review",
            booktitle = "Proceedings...",
                 year = "2014",
         organization = "International Conference on Ground and Earthing (GROUND'2014), e 
                         International Conference on Lightning Physics \& Effects, 6. 
                         (LPE).",
            publisher = "Sociedade Brasileira de Prote{\c{c}}{\~a}o El{\'e}trica 
                         (SBRAI)",
             keywords = "Centros Urbanos (Efeitos), Polui{\c{c}}{\~a}o Atmosf{\'e}rica, 
                         Ilha de Calor Urbana, Densidade de Raios, Aeross{\'o}is 
                         Urbanos.",
             abstract = "The urban effect over the lightning activity is a recent subject. 
                         The first works start at the end of the 20th century. After this 
                         study, many others studies were made to cities in Europe, USA and 
                         Brazil. Apparently the urban effect on lightning activity is a 
                         combination of thermodynamic effect (Urban Heat Island) due to 
                         differential heating of the surface over the cities (thermal 
                         hypothesis) and the increasing pollute concentrations in the local 
                         atmosphere (aerosol hypothesis), caused mainly by human activity. 
                         Thus, this paper aims to carry out a review of four important 
                         studies about the influence of urban effect on lightning activity 
                         to important areas of Brazil. These studies are: Naccarato et al. 
                         (2003), Pinto et al. (2004) and Farias et al. (2008, 2012). The 
                         first two studies concluded that there is an increase in lightning 
                         activity and a decrease in the percentage of positive CG flashes. 
                         The others two papers showed the presence of a weekly cycle in 
                         lightning activity over Sao Paulo city.",
  conference-location = "Manaus",
      conference-year = "May, 2014",
                label = "lattes: 6324293045209180 2 MeirelesNacc:2014:EfBrLa",
             language = "en",
           targetfile = "Meireles_UrbanEffect_Ground2014_Final.pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "20 abr. 2024"
}