@Article{AndradeLobaToleViei:2019:AnPaPe,
author = "Andrade, Luis Vladimir Mora and Lobato, Gerciene de Jesus Miranda
and Toledo, Peter Mann de and Vieira, Ima C{\'e}lia
Guimar{\~a}es",
affiliation = "{Universidade Federal do Par{\'a} (UFPA)} and {Universidade
Federal do Par{\'a} (UFPA)} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas
Espaciais (INPE)} and {Museu Paraense Em{\'{\i}}lio Goeldi}",
title = "Sistema s{\'o}cio-ecol{\'o}gico da Ilha S{\~a}o Cristov{\~a}o,
Gal{\'a}pagos: uma an{\'a}lise a partir das
percep{\c{c}}{\~o}es dos atores locais",
journal = "Ra' e Ga: O Espa{\c{c}}o Geogr{\'a}fico em An{\'a}lise",
year = "2019",
volume = "46",
number = "1",
pages = "145--164",
keywords = "Conserva{\c{c}}{\~a}o da biodiversidade, Sustentabilidade
ambiental, Turismo, Equador, Conservation of biodiversity,
Environmental sustainability, Tourism, Ecuador.",
abstract = "Gal{\'a}pagos {\'e} um arquip{\'e}lago considerado como um
laborat{\'o}rio para o estudo da evolu{\c{c}}{\~a}o, o primeiro
Parque Nacional do Equador, e {\'e} Patrim{\^o}nio Natural da
Humanidade. Entretanto, com a chegada de cerca de 218 mil turistas
ao ano, h{\'a} press{\~a}o sobre os fr{\'a}geis ecossistemas
deste arquip{\'e}lago insular. Esta pesquisa objetivou analisar o
Sistema S{\'o}cioecol{\'o}gico (SSE) da Ilha S{\~a}o
Cristov{\~a}o a partir das percep{\c{c}}{\~o}es dos habitantes
sobre amea{\c{c}}as, mudan{\c{c}}as e impactos ocorridos a
partir da publica{\c{c}}{\~a}o da Lei Especial de Gal{\'a}pagos
em 10 de mar{\c{c}}o de 1998 at{\'e} 2017. As
informa{\c{c}}{\~o}es obtidas basearam-se em entrevistas
semiestruturadas com 260 moradores, selecionados por amostragem
probabil{\'{\i}}stica do tipo aleat{\'o}ria simples. Ademais,
aplicaram-se as t{\'e}cnicas explorat{\'o}rias de an{\'a}lise
fatorial de correspond{\^e}ncia m{\'u}ltipla AFCM{"} para 30
vari{\'a}veis cuja descri{\c{c}}{\~a}o perpassa os problemas
discutidos nas sess{\~o}es da Organiza{\c{c}}{\~a}o das
Na{\c{c}}{\~o}es Unidas para a Educa{\c{c}}{\~a}o, a
Ci{\^e}ncia e a Cultura (UNESCO). A Ilha S{\~a}o Cristov{\~a}o
apresenta homens (53,46%) e mulheres (46,54%) residindo
principalmente em Porto Baquerizo (71,92%); a maioria (60%)
proveniente de outras ilhas povoadas (Santa Cruz, Florena e
Isabela) e tamb{\'e}m do Equador continental. As
correla{\c{c}}{\~o}es da an{\'a}lise estat{\'{\i}}stica
evidenciaram uma tend{\^e}ncia a respostas positivas, contudo
sinalizaram alguns impactos no modo de vida, especialmente
relacionado ao aumento do turismo, {\`a}s esp{\'e}cies
introduzidas e {\`a} redu{\c{c}}{\~a}o da mina, devido {\`a}
extra{\c{c}}{\~a}o de areia, cascalho e pedra para fazer as
constru{\c{c}}{\~o}es. Diante desse cen{\'a}rio, os atores
locais delineiam um sistema com nuances sociais, ambientais e
econ{\^o}micas interligadas, mas conflitantes, necessitando de
uma gest{\~a}o mais eficaz. ABSTRACT: Galapagos is an archipelago
of global interest considered as a laboratory for the study of
evolution. As the first National Park created in Ecuador has been
established as a Natural Heritage of Humanity. However, with the
arrival of about 218 thousand tourists a year, there is constant
pressure on the fragile ecosystems of these islands. This research
aimed to analyze the Socio-Ecological System (SSE) of S{\~a}o
Cristov{\~a}o Island based on the inhabitants' perceptions of the
threats, changes, and impacts that occurred as of the publication
of the Special Law of Galapagos on March 10, 1998, until 2017. The
information obtained was based on semi-structured interviews with
260 residents, selected by probabilistic sampling of the simple
random type. Also, we applied the exploratory techniques of
factorial analysis of multiple correspondences {"}AFCM{"} for 30
variables whose description per passes the problems discussed in
the sessions of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and
Cultural Organization (UNESCO). S{\~a}o Cristov{\~a}o Island
presents men (53.46%) and women (46.54%) residing mainly in Porto
Baquerizo (71.92%); the majority (60%) coming from other populated
islands (Santa Cruz, Florena and Isabela) and also from
continental Ecuador. The correlations of the statistical analysis
evidenced a tendency towards positive responses but indicated some
impacts on the way of life, mainly related to the increase of the
tourism, introduced species and the reduction of the mine, due to
the extraction of sand, gravel, and stone to make the
constructions. Given this scenario, local population outline a
system with interrelated but conflicting social, environmental and
economic nuances, requiring more effective management.",
doi = "10.5380/raega.v46i1.57648",
url = "http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/raega.v46i1.57648",
issn = "2177-2738",
label = "lattes: 3990234183124986 3 AndradeLobaToleViei:2019:ANPAPE",
language = "pt",
targetfile = "57648-258700-1-PB.pdf",
urlaccessdate = "01 maio 2024"
}