@Article{MurciaPiñerosGuedPrad:2019:PrTrRe,
               author = "Murcia Piñeros, Jhonathan Orlando and Guedes, Ulisses Thadeu 
                         Vieira and Prado, Antonio Fernando Bertachini de Almeida",
          affiliation = "{Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto 
                         Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto Nacional de 
                         Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)}",
                title = "Propagation of the trajectories for reentry spherical debris 
                         including rotation, melting fragmentation and voxel method",
              journal = "Journal of Physics: Conference Series",
                 year = "2019",
               volume = "1365",
                pages = "012011",
                 note = "{XIX Brazilian Colloquium on Orbital Dynamics 2018}",
             keywords = "Astrodin{\^a}mica, Astrodynamics, Manobras Orbitais.",
             abstract = "It is estimated that more than 22.000 objects are in orbit around 
                         the Earth, with a total mass of 8.400.000 kg. These numbers 
                         consider only objects with dimensions above 10 cm and some 
                         non-operational, but still orbiting satellites without control 
                         (debris). The debris represent a hazard to operational satellites 
                         and aerospace operations due to the high probability of 
                         collisions. Due to the interaction of the debris with the 
                         atmosphere of the Earth and the solar activity, they began to lose 
                         energy and finally decay. During the de-orbit process, the debris 
                         fall into the Earths atmosphere at hypersonic speeds and these 
                         objects can break-up and/or be fragmented due to the aerodynamics, 
                         thermal and structural loads. It is important to obtain the 
                         trajectory and attitude of any fragment to determine the possible 
                         survival mass, impact area, hazard conditions and risks to the 
                         population, the air traffic control, and infrastructure. In this 
                         case, it is implemented a computational code to integrate the 
                         equations of motion to propagate the dynamics and kinematics of 
                         spherical debris or propellant tanks. It is also analyzed the 
                         results of trajectories with six degrees of freedom, atmospheric 
                         winds, and Magnus effect. A voxel method is implemented to analyze 
                         the tanks heat transfer, surface temperature and structures 
                         stress. To determine and observe the influence of the rotation and 
                         the Magnus force in six reentry spherical bodies, three materials 
                         are selected; aluminum alloy, due to its application in many 
                         aerospace structures; titanium and graphite epoxy I, due to their 
                         highest melting point and specific heat. Generally, these 
                         materials are used in tanks and rocket motors. More than 62 
                         trajectories were simulated. The mathematical model and 
                         computational code were validated in three degrees of freedom. 
                         Results are compared with data from other computational tools 
                         available in the scientific literature. The results show a good 
                         approximation with reported cases of study. New results are 
                         generated in the simulations of rotational bodies, due to the 
                         influence of aerodynamic forces in the trajectory and the changes 
                         in the stagnation regions. Due to the implementation of wind and 
                         rotation of the debris, the fragments increased the survivability 
                         and the dispersion area.",
                  doi = "10.1088/1742-6596/1365/1/012011",
                  url = "http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1365/1/012011",
                 issn = "1742-6588",
                label = "lattes: 7340081273816424 3 MurciaPGuedPrad:2019:PrTrRe",
             language = "pt",
           targetfile = "murcia_propagation.pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "25 abr. 2024"
}