@Article{PinheiroHodgGan:2019:ImNuSe,
               author = "Pinheiro, Henri Rossi and Hodges, Kevin Ivan and Gan, Manoel 
                         Alonso",
          affiliation = "{Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {The 
                         University of Reading} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas 
                         Espaciais (INPE)}",
                title = "Sensitivity of identifying cut-off lows in the Southern Hemisphere 
                         using multiple criteria: implications for numbers, seasonality and 
                         intensity",
              journal = "Climate Dynamics",
                 year = "2019",
               volume = "53",
               number = "11",
                pages = "6699--6713",
                 note = "{Setores de Atividade: Pesquisa e desenvolvimento 
                         cient{\'{\i}}fico.}",
             keywords = "V{\'o}rtice Cicl{\^o}nico de Altos N{\'{\i}}veis, m{\'e}todo 
                         objetivo, crit{\'e}rio.",
             abstract = "Cut-of Low (COLs) are often associated with heavy precipitation 
                         and strong wind events, but there are still uncertainties on how 
                         their identifcation afect the numbers and seasonality. This paper 
                         aims to determine the sensitivity of identifying Southern 
                         Hemisphere COLs in the ERA-Interim reanalysis to diferent types of 
                         identifcation criteria. Upper-level cyclones are initially tracked 
                         on the 300 hPa level using relative vorticity and geopotential in 
                         order to present diferent perspectives. This reveals signifcant 
                         diferences between the numbers and length of the identifed tracks 
                         for the two felds. To identify the COLs diferent post-tracking 
                         flters are applied which are divided into two steps. Firstly, 
                         three flters are considered to separate cut-of lows from open 
                         troughs by sampling winds at diferent ofset radial distances from 
                         the upper-level cyclonic centres. Secondly, potential vorticity 
                         and temperature criteria are imposed to determine how these 
                         conditions afect the identifed COLs in terms of numbers, 
                         seasonality and intensity. It was found that methods based on 
                         multiple criteria restrict the COL identifcation by imposing 
                         specifc characteristics, while methods based on simpler schemes 
                         (e.g. using only winds) can detect larger samples of COLs observed 
                         visually in the geopotential maps. Although it is difcult to say 
                         which method is more accurate in identifying COLs, because of the 
                         subjective aspect of observers assessment, a scheme using only 
                         winds should be more representative of reality as this simply 
                         imposes on the detection system a cyclonic circulation appearance 
                         regardless of the physical and dynamical characteristics. 
                         Therefore, this type of method could be considered as a standard 
                         method for identifying COLs that can be used for either 
                         operational or research purposes.",
                  doi = "10.1007/s00382-019-04984-x",
                  url = "http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00382-019-04984-x",
                 issn = "0930-7575",
                label = "lattes: 3214369697732376 3 PinheiroHodgGan:2019:ImNuSe",
             language = "en",
           targetfile = "pinheiro_sensitivity.pdf",
                  url = "https://link.springer.com/epdf/10.1007/s00382-019-04984-x?author_access_token=U990UBhl9woY9XVTPTIMHPe4RwlQNchNByi7wbcMAY5wuZFyUpDDVb2CTa-ejbflQaufe4sdTwsAMB7LoCAy0tc8qFbHJbDNqiYPyQJZ6z_ugZIpDmfZcJFp7sOVGjyer8Y3Y8WTdTdHjwjditPfrg%3D%3D",
        urlaccessdate = "11 maio 2024"
}